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CursoLección 61/87
B1

Oraciones de relativo: who, which, that, whose, where, when

"Use who for people, which for things, that for both, whose for possession, where for place, when for time."

La regla

Usa who para personas, which para cosas, that para ambos, whose para posesion, where para lugar, when para tiempo.

Las oraciones de relativo conectan dos ideas en una sola frase y anaden información sobre un sustantivo. Hay dos tipos: defining (sin comas, esencial para identificar de quien o de que hablamos: "The colleague who helped me is Marta") y non-defining (con comas, anade info extra que se podria omitir: "Marta, who joined last year, helped me"). En non-defining NO se puede usar "that". En defining se puede omitir el pronombre cuando es objeto: "The PR (that) I reviewed".

Ejemplos

The colleague who helped me with the deploy is Marta.

El compañero que me ayudo con el deploy es Marta.

💡 Defining, esencial.

The repo which we forked is on GitHub.

El repo que clonamos está en GitHub.

Elena, who is my manager, joined last year.

Elena, que es mi manager, entro el año pasado.

💡 Non-defining, con comas.

That's the dev whose PR broke production.

Ese es el dev cuyo PR rompio produccion.

Nexora is the company where I'll start in May.

Nexora es la empresa donde empezare en mayo.

Friday is the day when we deploy.

El viernes es el día en que desplegamos.

The post-mortem (that) we wrote helped a lot.

El post-mortem que escribimos ayudo mucho.

💡 Pronombre objeto omisible.

Casos típicos

Personas (sujeto u objeto)who / that
The dev who wrote the RFC.The intern that joined Monday.
Cosas o animaleswhich / that
The bug which broke prod.The script that runs nightly.
Posesion (de personas o cosas)whose
The team whose retro I attended.The repo whose README is outdated.
Lugar y tiempowhere / when
The office where they meet.The day when we shipped.
Non-defining: info extra entre comas, NO uses that, who / , which
Marta, who is the lead, approved it.Slack, which we use daily, was down.

Trampas hispanohablantes

The colleague which helped me is Marta.The colleague who helped me is Marta.

Para personas usa who o that, no which.

Elena, that is my manager, joined last year.Elena, who is my manager, joined last year.

En non-defining (con comas) NO se usa that.

The dev who's PR broke prod.The dev whose PR broke prod.

Whose = posesion. Who's = who is.

The day where we deploy is Friday.The day when we deploy is Friday.

Where es para lugar; para tiempo usa when.

The PR who I reviewed yesterday.The PR (that/which) I reviewed yesterday.

Who es solo para personas. Para cosas: that o which (o se omite sí es objeto).