Átomo 35

Pasado: preguntas y negaciones (did / didn't)

La regla

did / didn't + verbo en INFINITIVO (no en pasado).

"did / didn't + verb in BASE form (not past)."

Para preguntas y negaciones en pasado se usa el auxiliar "did" (afirmativo) o "didn't" (negativo) + el verbo en su forma base, NO en pasado. "Did you work yesterday?" (no "did you worked"). "I didn't see her" (no "I didn't saw"). El auxiliar ya carga el pasado, asi que el verbo principal vuelve al infinitivo. Es el error más común del hispanohablante porque traducimos "trabajaste?" como "did you worked?".

Ejemplos

Did you work yesterday?

Trabajaste ayer?

I didn't see her at the office.

No la vi en la oficina.

Did she go to the meeting?

Fue ella a la reunion?

We didn't have time for lunch.

No tuvimos tiempo de comer.

Did they finish the migration?

Terminaron la migracion?

He didn't reply to my Slack.

No contesto a mi Slack.

What did you do last weekend?

Que hiciste el finde pasado?

Casos típicos

Pregunta cerrada (yes/no)Did + subject + verb (base)?

Did you call him?Did she finish the ticket?

Pregunta abierta (wh-)Wh- + did + subject + verb (base)?

What did you do?Where did they go?

Negacionsubject + didn't + verb (base)

I didn't see it.We didn't have lunch.

Excepcion: "to be" no usa didwas/were + (not)

Were you at the office?She wasn't there.Was it ok?

Trampas hispanohablantes

Did you worked yesterday?Did you work yesterday?

Tras did el verbo va en INFINITIVO, no en pasado.

I didn't saw her.I didn't see her.

Tras didn't el verbo en infinitivo: see, no saw.

Did she went to the meeting?Did she go to the meeting?

Tras did -> go, no went.

Did you were at the office?Were you at the office?

El verbo "to be" no usa did en pasado: usa was/were directo.

Mini-quiz

1/6.Cual es correcta?

2/6.Negacion (see):

I didn't her at the office.

3/6.Cual es correcta?

4/6.Pregunta wh- (do):

What you do last weekend?

5/6.Elige:

She reply to my email.

6/6.Pasado de "to be" en pregunta: