Átomo 3

Demostrativos: this/that/these/those

La regla

this/these = cerca; that/those = lejos. This/that singular; these/those plural.

"this/these = near; that/those = far. This/that singular; these/those plural."

Los demostrativos en inglés van por dos ejes: distancia (cerca/lejos) y numero (singular/plural). "This book" es un libro cerca de mi; "that car" es un coche lejos. En plural: "these pens" (estos boligrafos cerca), "those people" (esa gente allí). También sirven para tiempo: "this morning" (está manana, hoy mismo) frente a "that day" (aquel día, en el pasado). El verbo concuerda: "This is..." / "These are...".

Ejemplos

This book is mine.

Este libro es mio.

💡 Singular cerca.

That car over there is fast.

Aquel coche de allí es rápido.

💡 Singular lejos.

These pens don't work.

Estos boligrafos no funcionan.

💡 Plural cerca.

Those people are from HR.

Esa gente es de RRHH.

💡 Plural lejos.

I have a meeting this morning.

Tengo una reunion está manana.

💡 Tiempo cercano (hoy).

That day, I met my new manager.

Aquel día conoci a mi nuevo jefe.

💡 Tiempo lejano (pasado).

These are my Slack channels.

Estos son mis canales de Slack.

Casos típicos

Singular cerca del hablantethis

this laptopthis emailthis office

Singular lejos del hablantethat

that buildingthat internthat idea

Plural cercathese

these notesthese daysthese documents

Plural lejosthose

those yearsthose colleaguesthose files

Tiempo: this = actual; that = pasado/lejanothis / that

this weekthis morningthat daythat summer

Trampas hispanohablantes

This are my keys.These are my keys.

Keys es plural: usa these.

Those is my manager.That is my manager.

Manager es singular: usa that.

I saw him this day in 2020.I saw him that day in 2020.

Para un día pasado y lejano se usa that, no this.

These book is interesting.This book is interesting.

Book es singular: this, no these.

Look at thats people.Look at those people.

El plural de that es those (no "thats").

Mini-quiz

1/8.Elige la opción correcta:

2/8.Completa:

morning I have a meeting with HR.

3/8.Elige la opción correcta:

4/8.Rellena (this/that/these/those):

pens on my desk are mine.

5/8.Completa:

I rememberday clearly. It was 2018.

6/8.Elige la opción correcta:

7/8.Rellena:

is my new laptop, look!

8/8.Completa:

people in the photo were my old team.